Design and Branding

When discussing brand design, almost any symbol is commonly called a logo. Identity designers use more specific terms to distinguish marks made from text, a symbol or both. Understanding these categories helps prepare a brand for different sizes and materials. A wordmark is based on lettering; a brand mark is a symbol; a combination mark

Widows and orphans occur when a line from a paragraph is left isolated at the beginning or end of a page or column. They can be corrected without filling the document with manual line breaks. The right method depends on the application and composition style. Terminology can vary between style guides, but the practical objective

An epilogue appears after the main body of a work and may show what happened later to the characters, complete an idea or close a reflection. Not every book needs one. Its value depends on what the reader still needs to know after the ending. In brief: an epilogue is a section following the main

A pictogram is a simple graphic representation that helps people recognise an object, action or piece of information. A figure beside a doorway shows why these signs appear in stations, buildings, brochures and instructions: they occupy little space and may be faster to interpret than a sentence. Quick answer: a pictogram uses a simplified image

White space in graphic design is the area that separates or surrounds the elements in a composition. It does not have to be literally white: it can be a background of any colour. What is white space used for? It establishes hierarchy and makes headings, images and paragraphs easier to distinguish. It should not be